而
[ér]
and
⇒ 且 载 与 和 暨 及 并且 跟 以及 并 又双叒叕 与门 及其 进而 乃至 又 参半 雍容 之类 聿 也 亲疏贵贱 来回来去 探子 是非曲直 曲直 刀枪
as well as
⇒ 以及 载 外带 干脆 还不如 不妨 也好 索性 无妨 可想而知 飘香 艾未未 人财两空 虎父无犬子 一不做，二不休 打口 招摇撞骗 既来之，则安之 问名 九份 当官不为民做主不如回家卖红薯 阴阳合同
and so
⇒ 云云 某某 厮 那厮 这厮 诸如此类 啷当 什么的 等 之类 如此这般 等等 以此类推 再生 喜大普奔 俯拾皆是 置之死地而后生
but (not)
⇒ 则 可是 只是 却 倒 然而 但 不过 第 但是 无奈 情不自禁 却倒 反倒 要不是 不得不 而且 说不得 只不过 不能不 不由得 就 哀艳 不外乎 大而无当 穷当益坚 矮小精悍 人穷志不穷 词约指明 不妙 冷艳
yet (not)
⇒ 但 还 尚且 仍 仍然 然而 兀自 犹自 犹 尚 尙 仍旧 却 倒 且 尚无 尚未 又一次 朆 迄 又 有待 未 素雅 未决 未解决 不曾 未处理 尚未解决 未出货 未央 未及
(indicates causal relation)
(indicates change of state)
(indicates contrast)
而
来自翻译宝典
简体中文>英语, CC-CEDICT
而
ér
连
1 and; as well as:
- 伟大而艰巨的任务 great and arduous task
2 and yet; but; while on the other hand:
- 有其名而无其实 in name but not in reality
- 你喜爱体育运动，而我呢，情愿看书。 You like sports, while I'd rather read.
- 这里的气候有利于种小麦，而不利于种水稻。 The climate here is favourable to the growth of wheat but unfavourable to the growth of rice.
3 so that; in order to:
- 不要因失败而灰心，也不要因成功而骄傲。 Don't be discouraged by failure or get dizzy with success.
4 [with 由，从，自， etc. ] to:
- 由南而北 from south to north
- 自远而近 approach from a distance
- 由童年而少年，而壮年 from childhood to teenage, then to middle age
5 [connecting an adverbial element to a verb]:
- 匆匆而去 leave in haste
- 盘旋而上 spiral up
- 顺流而下 go down the stream
6 [between a subject and a predicate expressing a condition, to be followed by a clause indicating result] if:
- 作家而不深入群众，就写不出好作品。 If a writer does not go deep among the masses, he cannot expect to turn out good writings.
ér
连
1 and; as well as:
- 伟大而艰巨的任务 great and arduous task
2 and yet; but; while on the other hand:
- 有其名而无其实 in name but not in reality
- 你喜爱体育运动，而我呢，情愿看书。 You like sports, while I'd rather read.
- 这里的气候有利于种小麦，而不利于种水稻。 The climate here is favourable to the growth of wheat but unfavourable to the growth of rice.
3 so that; in order to:
- 不要因失败而灰心，也不要因成功而骄傲。 Don't be discouraged by failure or get dizzy with success.
4 [with 由，从，自， etc. ] to:
- 由南而北 from south to north
- 自远而近 approach from a distance
- 由童年而少年，而壮年 from childhood to teenage, then to middle age
5 [connecting an adverbial element to a verb]:
- 匆匆而去 leave in haste
- 盘旋而上 spiral up
- 顺流而下 go down the stream
6 [between a subject and a predicate expressing a condition, to be followed by a clause indicating result] if:
- 作家而不深入群众，就写不出好作品。 If a writer does not go deep among the masses, he cannot expect to turn out good writings.
- 简体中文>英语, 汉英词典
而
ér
1. 〈连词<posen>conj.</posen>〉(不连接名词 {not used to connect nouns})。<biaoqian>a)</biaoqian>连接语意相承的成分 {[used to connect two parts that are consistent in meaning]}:
- 伟大～艰巨的任务 {great and arduous task}
- 战～胜之 {fight and defeat sb.}
- 取～代之 {replace sth. or sb.}
- 我们正从事一个伟大的事业,～伟大的事业必须有最广泛的群众的参加和支持。 {We're undertaking a great cause, and we must have the widest participation and support of the masses.}<biaoqian>b)</biaoqian>连接肯定和否定互相补充的成分 {[used to connect an affirmative element and a negative element that complement each other]}:
- 栀子花的香,浓～不烈,清～不淡 {The fragrance of the gardenia is strong but not pungent, light but not bland.}
- 马克思主义叫我们看问题不要从抽象的定义出发,～要从客观存在的事实出发。 {Marxism teaches us to look at things from the perspective of objective facts rather than abstract definitions.}<biaoqian>c)</biaoqian>连接语意相反的成分,表示转折 {[used to connect two elements opposite in meaning, showing a contrast]}:
- 如果能集中生产～不集中,就会影响改进技术、提高生产。 {If we do not centralize production where we could, this will affect the improvement of our technology and the output of products.}<biaoqian>d)</biaoqian>连接事理上前后相因的成分 {[used to connect cause and effect]}:
- 因困难～畏惧～退却～消极的人,不会有任何成就。 {A person who flinches and takes a passive attitude in the face of difficulty will achieve nothing.}
2. 〈连词<posen>conj.</posen>〉有‘到’的意思 {[used to indicate change from one state to another]}:
- 一～再,再～三 {again and again; time and again}
- 由秋～冬 {from autumn to winter}
- 由南～北。 {from south to north}
3. 把表示时间或方式的成分连接到动词上面 {[used to connect an adverbial phrase of time or manner with a verb]}:
- 匆匆～来 {come in a hurry}
- 挺身～出 {step forward bravely; rise courageously; enter the scene boldly}
- 盘旋～上 {spiral upwards}
- 相辅～行。 {go forward by helping each other}
4. 插在主语谓语中间,有‘如果’的意思 {[inserted between subject and predicate to indicate a condition]}:
- 民族战争～不依靠人民大众,毫无疑义将不能取得胜利。 {A national war that does not rely on the support of the people is doubtlessly doomed.}
ér
1. 〈连词<posen>conj.</posen>〉(不连接名词 {not used to connect nouns})。<biaoqian>a)</biaoqian>连接语意相承的成分 {[used to connect two parts that are consistent in meaning]}:
- 伟大～艰巨的任务 {great and arduous task}
- 战～胜之 {fight and defeat sb.}
- 取～代之 {replace sth. or sb.}
- 我们正从事一个伟大的事业,～伟大的事业必须有最广泛的群众的参加和支持。 {We're undertaking a great cause, and we must have the widest participation and support of the masses.}<biaoqian>b)</biaoqian>连接肯定和否定互相补充的成分 {[used to connect an affirmative element and a negative element that complement each other]}:
- 栀子花的香,浓～不烈,清～不淡 {The fragrance of the gardenia is strong but not pungent, light but not bland.}
- 马克思主义叫我们看问题不要从抽象的定义出发,～要从客观存在的事实出发。 {Marxism teaches us to look at things from the perspective of objective facts rather than abstract definitions.}<biaoqian>c)</biaoqian>连接语意相反的成分,表示转折 {[used to connect two elements opposite in meaning, showing a contrast]}:
- 如果能集中生产～不集中,就会影响改进技术、提高生产。 {If we do not centralize production where we could, this will affect the improvement of our technology and the output of products.}<biaoqian>d)</biaoqian>连接事理上前后相因的成分 {[used to connect cause and effect]}:
- 因困难～畏惧～退却～消极的人,不会有任何成就。 {A person who flinches and takes a passive attitude in the face of difficulty will achieve nothing.}
2. 〈连词<posen>conj.</posen>〉有‘到’的意思 {[used to indicate change from one state to another]}:
- 一～再,再～三 {again and again; time and again}
- 由秋～冬 {from autumn to winter}
- 由南～北。 {from south to north}
3. 把表示时间或方式的成分连接到动词上面 {[used to connect an adverbial phrase of time or manner with a verb]}:
- 匆匆～来 {come in a hurry}
- 挺身～出 {step forward bravely; rise courageously; enter the scene boldly}
- 盘旋～上 {spiral upwards}
- 相辅～行。 {go forward by helping each other}
4. 插在主语谓语中间,有‘如果’的意思 {[inserted between subject and predicate to indicate a condition]}:
- 民族战争～不依靠人民大众,毫无疑义将不能取得胜利。 {A national war that does not rely on the support of the people is doubtlessly doomed.}
简体中文>英语, 现代汉语词典
而
ér
连 and; as well as; also
- 长期而复杂的问题 long-standing and complex problems
- 年轻而有才华 young and talented
- 战而胜之 fight and defeat it
连 (and) yet; but; nevertheless
- 出力而不讨好 be a fool for one's pains
- 肥而不腻 fat yet not sickening
- 紧张而有秩序的工作 intense but orderly work
- 瘦而健 be thin but healthy
- 有力而温柔的手 firm yet gentle hand
- 我认为这一点很重要，而他却不以为然。 I think this very important but he doesn't.
- 中国人用筷子而不用刀叉。 The Chinese use chopsticks in place of knives and forks.
连 if [used between the subject and the predicate to indicate a transition in meaning]
- 人民公仆而不为人民办事，就不配叫人民公仆。 If a public servant does not serve the interests of the people, he does not deserve to be called a public servant.
另见：人而无信，不知其可
连 to
- 从上而下 from top to bottom
- 由南而北 from south to north
连 [used between an adverbial element of purpose, cause, manner, etc and a verb to be modified]
- 为自由而斗争 fight for freedom
- 因生病而缺席 be absent because of illness
- 飘然而过 float past
ér
连 and; as well as; also
- 长期而复杂的问题 long-standing and complex problems
- 年轻而有才华 young and talented
- 战而胜之 fight and defeat it
连 (and) yet; but; nevertheless
- 出力而不讨好 be a fool for one's pains
- 肥而不腻 fat yet not sickening
- 紧张而有秩序的工作 intense but orderly work
- 瘦而健 be thin but healthy
- 有力而温柔的手 firm yet gentle hand
- 我认为这一点很重要，而他却不以为然。 I think this very important but he doesn't.
- 中国人用筷子而不用刀叉。 The Chinese use chopsticks in place of knives and forks.
连 if [used between the subject and the predicate to indicate a transition in meaning]
- 人民公仆而不为人民办事，就不配叫人民公仆。 If a public servant does not serve the interests of the people, he does not deserve to be called a public servant.
另见：人而无信，不知其可
连 to
- 从上而下 from top to bottom
- 由南而北 from south to north
连 [used between an adverbial element of purpose, cause, manner, etc and a verb to be modified]
- 为自由而斗争 fight for freedom
- 因生病而缺席 be absent because of illness
- 飘然而过 float past
- 简体中文>英语, 汉英大词典
而
/ér/
and that; moreover
/ér/
and that; moreover
简体中文>英语, 简明汉英词典
而
ér
and，表示并列。
- 我厂生产管理得活而严。 The production of our factory is managed in a strict and lively way.
- 以前受压迫而现在解放了的人们是决不会上当受骗的。 Once oppressed and now liberated people will never be taken in.
- 两国的贸易协定是没有问题的，而文化交流也同样可以安排。 A trade agreement between the two countries should be no problem, and similarly a cultural exchange could be arranged.
- 然而，人们的认识究竟怎么从实践中发生，而又服务于实践呢？ But how then does human knowledge arise from practice and in turn serve practice?
but (not)，without，表示转折。
- 兵不在多而在精。 Troops are valued not in numbers but in quality.
- 法西斯主义挽救不了资本主义，而只能加速其崩溃。 Fascism cannot save capitalism, but only hastens its destruction.
- 委员会徒有其名，而无其实。 The committee exists only in name but not in reality.
- 世人徒见其利而不见其弊。 People see only its advantages but not its disadvantages.
- 他们的错诶在于只看到事情的支流，而没有看到事情的主流。 Their mistake is that they see only the nonessentials but not the essence of the matter.
- 那是个大而无当的计划。 That was a grandiose but impractical plan.
- 这两种人都华而不实。 Both kinds of people are flashy and without substance.
- 你不劳而获，难道不感到羞耻吗？ Don't you feel ashamed of making profit without doing any work?
while, whereas，表示对比，后者为书面语。
- 我是没有钱来花，而你是没有东西来花钱。 I have no money to spend while (whereas) you have nothing to spend it on.
- 这工作对于专家是容易不过的，而对于一位没有经验的人就难了。 The work is quite easy for an expert while (whereas) it is difficult for an inexperienced person.
- 我弟弟发了财，而我还是一样的穷。 My brother has made a fortune while I have remained poor.
- 你喜欢运动，而我宁愿读书。 You like sports while I'd rather read.有时，and和but也可表示对比。
- 他是骑车来的，而我是走来的。 He came here by bike and (but) I walked here.
- 我吹箫，而他唱歌。 I played on the flute, and (while) she sang to it.
- 他机灵，而他妹妹迟钝。 He is clever, but (whereas) his sister is stupid.
although, though, while，表示让步。
- 几乎已经4点，而灯还亮着。 Although it was barely four o'clock, the lights were still on.
- 我费了好大的劲才弄醒他，而他却发誓说没睡着。 Although I had great difficulty in waking him, he swore that he was not asleep.
- 他穷而正直。 He is honest though he is poor.while有时也表示让步。
- 我喜欢帽子的颜色，而不喜欢帽子的式样。 While I like the color of the hat, I do not like the shape.
with, by表示原因，构成“因…而…”词组。
- 疗效因人而异。 The effect of the treatment varies with different people (varies from person to person).
- 我因走了一整天而疲惫不堪。 I was exhausted with walking all day.
- 他的试验因差错而失败。 His test has failed by mistake.
- 我希望你不会因困难而灰心。 I hope you have not been discouraged by difficulties.
汉语表示假设的“而”一般都放在主语和谓语之间，这时可用if表示。
- 当作家而不深入群众，是写不出好作品的。 If a writer does not go deep among the masses, he cannot expect to turn out good work.
- 人而无志，终将一事无成。 If one does not aim high, one will achieve nothing.
- 苟事事而躬亲，将挂一漏万。 If a leader takes charge of every single thing personally, many important facts will escape.
表示行为方法的“而”，可以不译。
- 见一道人席地而坐。 I saw a Taoist sitting on the ground.
- 我们顺流而下，傍晚就到了一个小镇。 We sailed downward with the current and arrived at a small town in the evening.
- 雾大得什么也看不见，我们只觉得汽车在万山丛中盘旋而上。 The fog was so thick that we could see nothing but feel that the bus was spiraling up among the mountains.
- 他匆匆而去，我们深感失望。 We were 97eatlY disappointed at his going in a hurry.
“而”字与某些介词搭配时，一般可以不译。如：“为…而…”；“先…而…”；“后…而…”；“自…而…”；“通过…而…”等。
- 他们是为广大群众的利益、为全民族的利益而结合、而战斗的。 They have come together and fought for the interests of the broad masses and of the whole nation.
- 文艺应为工农兵而创作。 Literature and art should be created for workers, peasants and soldiers.
- 一个共产党员应先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐。 A communist should be concerned about affairs of state before others and enjoy comfort after others.
- 隆隆雷声自远而近。 The rumble of thunder was approaching in the distance.
- 通过实践而发现真理，又通过实践而证实真理和发展真理。 We discover the truth through practice, and again through practice verify and develop the truth.但也有例外，如：
- 火势由南而北很快就蔓延开了。 The fire spread quickly from south to north.
ér
and，表示并列。
- 我厂生产管理得活而严。 The production of our factory is managed in a strict and lively way.
- 以前受压迫而现在解放了的人们是决不会上当受骗的。 Once oppressed and now liberated people will never be taken in.
- 两国的贸易协定是没有问题的，而文化交流也同样可以安排。 A trade agreement between the two countries should be no problem, and similarly a cultural exchange could be arranged.
- 然而，人们的认识究竟怎么从实践中发生，而又服务于实践呢？ But how then does human knowledge arise from practice and in turn serve practice?
but (not)，without，表示转折。
- 兵不在多而在精。 Troops are valued not in numbers but in quality.
- 法西斯主义挽救不了资本主义，而只能加速其崩溃。 Fascism cannot save capitalism, but only hastens its destruction.
- 委员会徒有其名，而无其实。 The committee exists only in name but not in reality.
- 世人徒见其利而不见其弊。 People see only its advantages but not its disadvantages.
- 他们的错诶在于只看到事情的支流，而没有看到事情的主流。 Their mistake is that they see only the nonessentials but not the essence of the matter.
- 那是个大而无当的计划。 That was a grandiose but impractical plan.
- 这两种人都华而不实。 Both kinds of people are flashy and without substance.
- 你不劳而获，难道不感到羞耻吗？ Don't you feel ashamed of making profit without doing any work?
while, whereas，表示对比，后者为书面语。
- 我是没有钱来花，而你是没有东西来花钱。 I have no money to spend while (whereas) you have nothing to spend it on.
- 这工作对于专家是容易不过的，而对于一位没有经验的人就难了。 The work is quite easy for an expert while (whereas) it is difficult for an inexperienced person.
- 我弟弟发了财，而我还是一样的穷。 My brother has made a fortune while I have remained poor.
- 你喜欢运动，而我宁愿读书。 You like sports while I'd rather read.有时，and和but也可表示对比。
- 他是骑车来的，而我是走来的。 He came here by bike and (but) I walked here.
- 我吹箫，而他唱歌。 I played on the flute, and (while) she sang to it.
- 他机灵，而他妹妹迟钝。 He is clever, but (whereas) his sister is stupid.
although, though, while，表示让步。
- 几乎已经4点，而灯还亮着。 Although it was barely four o'clock, the lights were still on.
- 我费了好大的劲才弄醒他，而他却发誓说没睡着。 Although I had great difficulty in waking him, he swore that he was not asleep.
- 他穷而正直。 He is honest though he is poor.while有时也表示让步。
- 我喜欢帽子的颜色，而不喜欢帽子的式样。 While I like the color of the hat, I do not like the shape.
with, by表示原因，构成“因…而…”词组。
- 疗效因人而异。 The effect of the treatment varies with different people (varies from person to person).
- 我因走了一整天而疲惫不堪。 I was exhausted with walking all day.
- 他的试验因差错而失败。 His test has failed by mistake.
- 我希望你不会因困难而灰心。 I hope you have not been discouraged by difficulties.
汉语表示假设的“而”一般都放在主语和谓语之间，这时可用if表示。
- 当作家而不深入群众，是写不出好作品的。 If a writer does not go deep among the masses, he cannot expect to turn out good work.
- 人而无志，终将一事无成。 If one does not aim high, one will achieve nothing.
- 苟事事而躬亲，将挂一漏万。 If a leader takes charge of every single thing personally, many important facts will escape.
表示行为方法的“而”，可以不译。
- 见一道人席地而坐。 I saw a Taoist sitting on the ground.
- 我们顺流而下，傍晚就到了一个小镇。 We sailed downward with the current and arrived at a small town in the evening.
- 雾大得什么也看不见，我们只觉得汽车在万山丛中盘旋而上。 The fog was so thick that we could see nothing but feel that the bus was spiraling up among the mountains.
- 他匆匆而去，我们深感失望。 We were 97eatlY disappointed at his going in a hurry.
“而”字与某些介词搭配时，一般可以不译。如：“为…而…”；“先…而…”；“后…而…”；“自…而…”；“通过…而…”等。
- 他们是为广大群众的利益、为全民族的利益而结合、而战斗的。 They have come together and fought for the interests of the broad masses and of the whole nation.
- 文艺应为工农兵而创作。 Literature and art should be created for workers, peasants and soldiers.
- 一个共产党员应先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐。 A communist should be concerned about affairs of state before others and enjoy comfort after others.
- 隆隆雷声自远而近。 The rumble of thunder was approaching in the distance.
- 通过实践而发现真理，又通过实践而证实真理和发展真理。 We discover the truth through practice, and again through practice verify and develop the truth.但也有例外，如：
- 火势由南而北很快就蔓延开了。 The fire spread quickly from south to north.
- 简体中文>英语, 汉英翻译大辞典
